Python 3.8.3 : Using twitter application with python-twitter - part 001.

You need to create a application for your twitter user developer on this webpage.

The next step is to get all keys and tokens from your application.

I used the python-twitter see the official webpage documentation.

Let's install this python module using the pip tool

pip install python-twitter
Collecting python-twitter
...
Installing collected packages: oauthlib, requests-oauthlib, python-twitter
Successfully installed oauthlib-3.1.0 python-twitter-3.5 requests-oauthlib-1.3.0

Let's see a simple source code:

import os
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import twitter
import datetime
from datetime import *

consumer_key=' '
consumer_secret=' '
token_key=' '
token_secret=' '

def get_tweets(api=None, screen_name=None):
    timeline = api.GetUserTimeline(screen_name=screen_name, count=200)
    earliest_tweet = min(timeline, key=lambda x: x.id).id
    print("getting tweets before:", earliest_tweet)

    while True:
        tweets = api.GetUserTimeline(
            screen_name=screen_name, max_id=earliest_tweet, count=200
        )
        new_earliest = min(tweets, key=lambda x: x.id).id

        if not tweets or new_earliest == earliest_tweet:
            break
        else:
            earliest_tweet = new_earliest
            print("getting tweets before:", earliest_tweet)
            timeline += tweets

    return timeline

if __name__ == "__main__":
    api = twitter.Api(consumer_key=consumer_key,
                  consumer_secret=consumer_secret,
                  access_token_key=token_key,
                  access_token_secret=token_secret) 
    # print api 
    #print(dir(api))
    
    # print all users of this account authentificated 
    #users = api.GetFriends()
    #print([u.screen_name for u in users])
    
    # print all tweets of my user catafest 
    screen_name = "catafest"
    timeline = get_tweets(api=api, screen_name=screen_name)
    dates = []
    for x in timeline:
        created = x.created_at
        dates.append(created)
        
    print(dates)
    dat = [datetime.strptime(d, "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S +0000 %Y") for d in dates]

    levels = np.tile([-8, 8, -4, 4, -1, 1],int(np.ceil(len(dat)/3)))[:len(dat)]
    print(levels)
    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7.6, 5), constrained_layout=True)
    ax.set(title="Twitter dates")
    markerline, stemline, baseline = ax.stem(dat, levels,linefmt="C3-", basefmt="k-",use_line_collection=True)
    markerline.set_ydata(np.zeros(len(dat)))
    plt.setp(markerline, mec="k", mfc="w", zorder=1)
    plt.show()

The result of this script comes with this output:

python .\test_webpage_001.py
getting tweets before: 1123237192422367234
['Mon May 18 13:52:09 +0000 2020', 'Sat May 09 11:14:43 +0000 2020', 'Fri May 08 10:42:18 +0000 2020', 
'Fri May 08 10:41:37 +0000 2020', 'Sat May 02 17:41:07 +0000 2020', 'Sat May 02 17:39:15 +0000 2020', 
'Thu Apr 30 12:53:48 +0000 2020', 'Tue Apr 28 20:00:38 +0000 2020', 'Mon Apr 27 21:12:07 +0000 2020', 
'Fri Apr 24 16:39:58 +0000 2020', 'Fri Apr 24 16:09:26 +0000 2020', 'Sat Apr 11 16:56:40 +0000 2020', 
'Sun Mar 22 19:11:16 +0000 2020', 'Sat Mar 21 09:03:30 +0000 2020', 'Sat Mar 21 09:02:48 +0000 2020', 
'Sat Mar 21 08:59:18 +0000 2020', 'Mon Mar 16 06:29:34 +0000 2020', 'Fri Jan 24 19:59:38 +0000 2020', 
'Sat Jan 18 12:14:07 +0000 2020', 'Fri Jan 17 20:58:18 +0000 2020', 'Thu Jan 16 20:50:47 +0000 2020', 
'Thu Jan 16 20:49:16 +0000 2020', 'Fri Jan 03 17:57:33 +0000 2020', 'Sat Dec 28 10:14:11 +0000 2019', 
'Tue Apr 30 14:46:30 +0000 2019']
[-8  8 -4  4 -1  1 -8  8 -4  4 -1  1 -8  8 -4  4 -1  1 -8  8 -4  4 -1  1 -8]

The image show with matplotlib is this:

Python 3.7.5 : Django on Fedora distro.

[mythcat@desk django]$ source env/bin/activate
(env) [mythcat@desk django]$ python3 
Python 3.7.6 (default, Dec 19 2019, 22:52:49) 
[GCC 9.2.1 20190827 (Red Hat 9.2.1-1)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import django
>>> django.VERSION
(3, 0, 1, 'final', 1) 

Static files are those files that can not be processed, generated or modified by the server.
Static files improve the performance of the website with the template inheritance method.
Static file management is an important factor in web development.
I will show you how static file works on Django project.
The new static files folder is set on settings.py file:

...
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '/home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite/test001/')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
   os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
 ]
...

Let's run the server:

(env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ python3 manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
January 26, 2020 - 09:01:10
Django version 3.0.1, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C. 

If I try to use the admin area then we can see the bad result for static files. 
...

[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /admin/test001/post/ HTTP/1.1" 200 5935
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/css/changelists.css HTTP/1.1" 200 6190
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /admin/jsi18n/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3223
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/jquery.init.js HTTP/1.1" 200 363
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/urlify.js HTTP/1.1" 200 8941
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/actions.js HTTP/1.1" 200 6766
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/prepopulate.js HTTP/1.1" 200 1530
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/core.js HTTP/1.1" 200 5723
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/admin/RelatedObjectLookups.js HTTP/1.1" 200 6918
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/css/fonts.css HTTP/1.1" 200 423
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/vendor/jquery/jquery.js HTTP/1.1" 200 280364
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/js/vendor/xregexp/xregexp.js HTTP/1.1" 200 128820
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/img/tooltag-add.svg HTTP/1.1" 200 331
[26/Jan/2020 09:10:02] "GET /static/admin/img/sorting-icons.svg HTTP/1.1" 200 1097
Not Found: /favicon.ico
... 

Now I can try to run the command collectstatic.
When this command is executed, Django performs these operations:

• it looks for static files in all the directories listed in STATICFILES_DIRS;
• the static-files are then copied and saved in STATIC_ROOT directory;
• when the server is requested for static content, it will fetch a file from STATIC_ROOT;
• that file will have its URL modified with STATIC_URL.

These errors show us many informations about this process:

 (env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ python3 manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings:

    /home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
Found another file with the destination path 'admin/js/urlify.js'. It will be ignored since only the first 
encountered file is collected. If this is not what you want, make sure every static file has a unique path.
...
Found another file with the destination path 'django.png'. It will be ignored since only the first 
encountered file is collected. If this is not what you want, make sure every static file has a unique path.
Found another file with the destination path 'favicon.ico'. It will be ignored since only the first 
encountered file is collected. If this is not what you want, make sure every static file has a unique path.
Found another file with the destination path 'admin/js/urlify.js'. It will be ignored since only the first 
encountered file is collected. If this is not what you want, make sure every static file has a unique path.
...

Found another file with the destination path 'rest_framework/js/prettify-min.js'. 
It will be ignored since only the first encountered file is collected. If this is not what you want, make
 sure every static file has a unique path.
...
166 static files copied to '/home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite'. 

But, Django respects the order of your applications in settings.py file the INSTALLED_APPS area, when running collectstatic command.
If you have two installed apps that write the same static files then Django collectstatic command will write the static files for the app appearing first in the list.
In my case: django.contrib.admin , test001 and ... .
Also, is need to set this code source on urls.py to return the proper URL pattern for serving static files to your already defined pattern list.

from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
...
urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

Let's run the runserver:

 (env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ python3 manage.py runserver
...
[26/Jan/2020 09:29:18] "GET /static/admin/css/fonts.css HTTP/1.1" 200 423
Not Found: /favicon.ico 

You can see the /favicon.ico is not found in the default path and need to move it at /home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite/test001.
After these changes let's fix all the problems I created with these learning steps on static issues.
Let's move the static folder into mysite folder.
Change the settings.py file for the static issue with this source of code:

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
   os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
 ]

Run the (env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ python3 manage.py collectstatic

(env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ python3 manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings:

    /home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite/static

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes

163 static files copied to '/home/mythcat/projects/django/mysite/static', 2 unmodified.
(env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ ls
db.sqlite3  favicon.ico  manage.py  mysite  rest_framework  static  test001
(env) [mythcat@desk mysite]$ cd static/
(env) [mythcat@desk static]$ ls
admin  django.png  favicon.ico  rest_framework

This is a simple base tutorial.
In this point you can select the way of your Django project.