The speech python module.

About this python module can be read here.
It's a little undocumented and I have not found tutorials about this python module but I tested with a simple example.
I'm sure he can do more than I tried with my example.
First, the install of this python module:

C:\Python27\Scripts>pip install speech
Collecting speech
  Downloading speech-0.5.2.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: speech
  Running setup.py install for speech ... done
Successfully installed speech-0.5.2

Let's see more about this python module:

>>> dir(speech)
['Listener', '_ListenerBase', '_ListenerCallback', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__'
, '_constants', '_ensure_event_thread', '_eventthread', '_handlerqueue', '_listeners', '_recognizer', 
'_startlistening', '_voice', 'gencache', 'input', 'islistening', 'listenfor', 'listenforanything', 'pythoncom',
 'say', 'stoplistening', 'thread', 'time', 'win32com']>>> help(speech)
Help on module speech:

NAME
    speech - speech recognition and voice synthesis module.

FILE
    c:\python27\lib\site-packages\speech.py

DESCRIPTION
    Please let me know if you like or use this module -- it would make my day!

    speech.py: Copyright 2008 Michael Gundlach  (gundlach at gmail)
    License: Apache 2.0 (http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)

    For this module to work, you'll need pywin32 (http://tinyurl.com/5ezco9
    for Python 2.5 or http://tinyurl.com/5uzpox for Python 2.4) and
    the Microsoft Speech kit (http://tinyurl.com/zflb).


    Classes:
        Listener: represents a command to execute when phrases are heard.

    Functions:
        say(phrase): Say the given phrase out loud.
        input(prompt, phraselist): Block until input heard, then return text.
        stoplistening(): Like calling stoplistening() on all Listeners.
        islistening(): True if any Listener is listening.
        listenforanything(callback): Run a callback when any text is heard.
        listenfor(phraselist, callback): Run a callback when certain text is heard.

Let's make a simple example with one script that tells us something:

>>> speech.say('Hello Catalin George')

The result of this line of code will be heard into your audio device like Hello Catalin George.

Python Qt4 - part 006.

Today I will deal with QFileDialog widget.
You can read the more about this widget here.
This allows us to open a dialog to load a resource - a file.
The example comes with the base PyQt4 application window with a my_example dialog from fileDialogSample python class.
Into this python class, I have some variable for the file: file_name, data and my_file_open.
The my_text_edit for text area and my_button to open the QFileDialog.
Also, the vbox variable to put all on QVBoxLayout from the application.
Let's see the example:

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtCore

class fileDialogSample(QtGui.QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self)

        #make text area and button
        self.my_text_edit = QtGui.QTextEdit()
        self.my_button = QtGui.QPushButton('Select File', self)

        #open the showDialog
        self.my_button.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)

        #put all into application area
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(self.my_text_edit)
        vbox.addWidget(self.my_button)
        self.setLayout(vbox)

        #set title and geometry of application
        self.setWindowTitle('File Dialog example')
        self.setGeometry(50, 50, 300, 300)

    #make a function with seeting for my QFileDialog
    def showDialog(self):
        file_name = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, 'Open file', 'C://')
        my_file_open = open(file_name)
        data = my_file_open.read()
        self.my_text_edit.setText(data)
        my_file_open.close()

#run the application 
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
my_dialog = fileDialogSample()
my_dialog.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

Now, just press the Select File button, take a text file and open it.

Python Qt4 - part 005.

Another example with PyQt4 that allow seeing images over the internet.
Here's another simple example with PyQt4 that allows you to view images on the internet.
You can use any image on the internet to display with this python script.
This example is done in two steps:

• take a single image from the internet - httplib python module;
• displaying - PyQt4 python module

from PyQt4 import QtGui
import sys
import httplib

def getTempPNG():
   conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.meteoromania.ro")
   conn.request("GET", "/sateliti/img/id814/id814_2017070718.png")
   return conn.getresponse().read()

def main():
   app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
   png = getTempPNG()
   pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap()
   pixmap.loadFromData(png)
   label = QtGui.QLabel()
   label.setPixmap(pixmap)
   label.setWindowTitle('METEOSAT-10 Thermal Infrared Channel 10.8 micrometers Glowing temperature')
   label.show()
   app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
   main()

The result can be seen in this screenshot:

Python Qt4 - part 004.

Another tutorial about PyQt4 with QLCDNumber widget displays a number with LCD-like digits.
This tutorial will show you how to deal with this widget.
First, you need to know more about QLCDNumber, so take a look here.
The first example is very simple and will show just one digit, see:

import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

class Digit(QWidget):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.setWindowTitle("One digit")
        lcd = QLCDNumber(self)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ls = Digit()
ls.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

Now, the next step is to send data to this digit.
One good example is with one slider.
The position of the slider will be send to the QLCDNumber.
How can do that? Will need a vbox to put the QLCDNumber and the slider and then using signal and slot.
Let's see the example:

import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
class Digit(QWidget):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        #make widgets
        self.setWindowTitle("One digit with slider")
        lcd = QLCDNumber(self)
        slider = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)
        #set layout variable vbox
        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        #add widgests
        vbox.addWidget(lcd)
        vbox.addWidget(slider)
        #set the vbox to layout
        self.setLayout(vbox)
        #create signal to slot
        self.connect(slider, SIGNAL("valueChanged(int)"),lcd, SLOT("display(int)"))
        self.resize(200, 170)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ls = Digit()
    ls.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

In the source code in the example, you can see the comments that mark the steps of creating and executing the python script.
Let's try another example with a digital clock:

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

class digital_clock(QtGui.QLCDNumber):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(digital_clock, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setSegmentStyle(QtGui.QLCDNumber.Filled)
        #the defaul is 5 , change to 8 for seconds
        self.setDigitCount(5)
        self.setWindowTitle("Digital Clock")
        self.resize(200, 70)
        timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)
        timer.timeout.connect(self.showTime)
        timer.start(1000)
        self.showTime()

    def showTime(self):
        time = QtCore.QTime.currentTime()
        text = time.toString('hh:mm')
        #if you setDigitsCount to 8
        #uncomment the next line of code
        #text = time.toString('hh:mm:ss')
        if (time.second() % 2) == 0:
            text = text[:2] + ' ' + text[3:]
        self.display(text)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    clock = digital_clock()
    clock.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

If you want to see seconds, then you need to set the digit count of the LCD to 8 ( it's 5 by default) of setDigitCount.
Also you need to uncomment this line of code: text = time.toString('hh:mm:ss') and comment the old one.
You can solve multiple issues with this widget, like: stopwatch, timer, clock down timer ...

Python Qt4 - part 003.

Today I've taken a simple example with PyQt4 compared to the other tutorials we have done so far.
The main reason was to understand and use PyQt4 to display an important message.
To make this example I have set the following steps for my python program.

• importing python modules
• creating the application in PyQt4 as a tray icon class
• establishing an exit from the application
• setting up a message to display
• display the message over a period of time
• closing the application
• running the python application

Let's see my source code of my python application:

#! /usr/bin/env python
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class SystemTrayIcon(QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.__init__(self, parent)
        self.setIcon(QtGui.QIcon("mess.svg"))
        menu = QtGui.QMenu(parent)
        exitAction = menu.addAction("Exit")
        self.setContextMenu(menu)
        QtCore.QObject.connect(exitAction,QtCore.SIGNAL('triggered()'), self.exit)

    def click_trap(self, value):
        if value == self.Trigger: #left click!
            self.left_menu.exec_(QtGui.QCursor.pos())

    def welcome(self):
        self.showMessage("Hello user!", "This is a message from PyQT4")

    def show(self):
        QtGui.QSystemTrayIcon.show(self)
        QtCore.QTimer.singleShot(600, self.welcome)

    def exit(self):
        QtCore.QCoreApplication.exit()

def main():
    app = QtGui.QApplication([])
    tray = SystemTrayIcon()
    tray.show()
    app.exec_()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

I used PyQt4 python module to make the application and sys python module for exit from application.
About running application: the main function will run the application.
The python class SystemTrayIcon will work only if we used QApplication to make like any application.
This is the reason I used the variable app.
The tray variable is used to run it like tray icon application.
Into the SystemTrayIcon class, I put some functions to help me with my issue.
Under __init__ I used all settings for my tray icon application: the icon, the exit menu, signal for the exit.
The next functions come with:

• click_trap - take the click of the user ;
• welcome - make a message to display;
• show - display the welcome message;
• exit - exit from the application

The result of my python script is this message:

About the showMessage then this helps you:

QSystemTrayIcon.showMessage (self, QString title, QString msg, MessageIcon icon = QSystemTrayIcon.Information, int msecs = 10000)

Shows a balloon message for the entry with the given title, message and icon for the time specified in millisecondsTimeoutHint. title and message must be plain text strings.
The message can be clicked by the user; the messageClicked() signal will be emitted when this occurs.
Note that the display of messages is dependent on the system configuration and user preferences and that messages may not appear at all. Hence, it should not be relied upon as the sole means for providing critical information.
On Windows, the millisecondsTimeoutHint is usually ignored by the system when the application has focus.
On Mac OS X, the Growl notification system must be installed for this function to display messages.
This function was introduced in Qt 4.3.

The pdb python interactive debugging - part 001.

This is a short intro tutorial on python debugger to summarize this topic related to Python.
According to the development team, this python module called pdb has the following objectives:
The module pdb defines an interactive source code debugger for Python programs. It supports setting (conditional) breakpoints and single stepping at the source line level, inspection of stack frames, source code listing, and evaluation of arbitrary Python code in the context of any stack frame. It also supports post-mortem debugging and can be called under program control.

Let's start it with some example:

C:\Python27>python
Python 2.7.13 (v2.7.13:a06454b1afa1, Dec 17 2016, 20:42:59) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pdb
>>> pdb.pm()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
  File "C:\Python27\lib\pdb.py", line 1270, in pm
    post_mortem(sys.last_traceback)
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'last_traceback'
>>> import os
>>> pdb.pm()
> c:\python27\lib\pdb.py(1270)pm()
-> post_mortem(sys.last_traceback)
(Pdb) ?

Documented commands (type help ):
========================================
EOF    bt         cont      enable  jump  pp       run      unt
a      c          continue  exit    l     q        s        until
alias  cl         d         h       list  quit     step     up
args   clear      debug     help    n     r        tbreak   w
b      commands   disable   ignore  next  restart  u        whatis
break  condition  down      j       p     return   unalias  where

Miscellaneous help topics:
==========================
exec  pdb

Undocumented commands:
======================
retval  rv

As you can see, this module will work correctly with just another python module. In the example presented above is the os python module.
With the argument? we can see the commands that we can execute.
Let's see the list command ( l ):

(Pdb) l
1265        p = Pdb()
1266        p.reset()
1267        p.interaction(None, t)
1268
1269    def pm():
1270 ->     post_mortem(sys.last_traceback)
1271
1272
1273    # Main program for testing
1274
1275    TESTCMD = 'import x; x.main()'

You can see the pm function loaded by pdb python module.
Post-mortem debugging is a method that requires an environment that provides dynamic execution of code.
One of the greatest benefits of post-mortem debugging is that you can use it directly after something has gone wrong.
You can move between frames within the current call stack using up and down.
This moves towards older frames on the stack.
The debugger prints the current location with where, see example:

(Pdb) where
  (1)()
> c:\python27\lib\pdb.py(1270)pm()
-> post_mortem(sys.last_traceback)

To execute the current line and then stop at the next execution point use step.
The until command can be used to step past the end of a loop.
Use break command used for setting breakpoints, example: (Pdb) break 4.
Turning off a breakpoint with disabling tells the debugger not to stop when that line is reached, example: (Pdb) disable 1.
Also, we can have the other breakpoints like conditional breakpoints and temporary breakpoint.
Use clear to delete a breakpoint entirely.
Changing execution flow with the jump command lets you alter the flow of your program.
The jump can be ahead and back and moves the point of execution past the location without evaluating any of the statements in between.
We can also have illegal jumps in and out of certain flow control statements prevented by the debugger.
When the debugger reaches the end of your program, it automatically starts it over.
With run command, the program can be restarted.
We can avoid typing complex commands repeatedly by using alias and unalias to define the shortcuts.
The pdb python module lets you save configuration using text files read and interpreted on startup.